The Jon Manual...

Here is a report from Jon for History. He's done a great job!(I've tried getting it to post right but the format keeping messing up the paragraphs.)

Blessings,

Lisa

Metallurgy
by Jon Glasnapp

Metallurgy is the science of extracting and working with metals from ores. Metallurgy was founded by Tubal-Cain in pre-Flood times, it has many different styles, and some of them are: Casting, forging, rolling, extrusion, machining and sintering.

The method of forging is when metal is heated until it is red hot, and then it is pounded into the desired shape. The method of forging is much stronger than methods such as machining and casting because the grain flow in the metal is changed to the shape of the object. The method of machining employs the use of saws, drills, etc. To change the shape of a piece of metal, and is very important in mass production. The method of casting is also important in mass production. Casting is the process of melting a piece of metal and pouring it into a mould to get the desired shape. Rolling is the process of using large rollers to turn the metal into a thin sheet of the desired thickness. The process of extrusion is when red hot metal is pushed through a hole of a certain shape, for example, copper pipe for plumbing or titanium aircraft components. Sintering is the process of compressing a metal powder in a specifically shaped mould and heating the powders just below the melting point to create pure products of high strength and durability.

Some of the metals that can be made through the science of metallurgy are: bronze, iron, steel and gold. The process of making bronze requires both tin and copper melted together into an alloy to make bronze, bronze can also be made from copper and zinc which is better known as brass or it can be made from copper and aluminum which is for mostly industrial purposes. Bronze is better than iron in most applications, it does not corrode past the surface and is not as brittle. Brass is mainly used in decoration and extensively in the field of instruments; Brass is also used in pluming, electrical appliances and ammunition for rifles and pistols. Industrial bronze is stronger and less corrosive than other bronze alloys and that has led it to use as ship propellers, use in oil industries, seawater related uses and its gold-like color has led it to be used in some types of jewelry.

Iron is a metal that is extracted from ores and is almost never found in its pure form. Iron is the main component in steel and is very important in alloys, but not always in metallic alloys it is also used in iron-carbon alloys. Steel is an iron-carbon alloy with a very low percentage of carbon (about 0.02%) Steel is one of the most commonly used metals on the planet, although it is rarely found naturally. Iron and steel are used commonly in the making of roads and railroads; steel is used in the making of most modern structures, such as: The skeletons of skyscrapers and stadiums, roller coasters and is also used for personal/vehicle armor and surgical tools.

The process of metallurgy is very complicated, meaning it couldn’t happen at random. So with all the complications of metallurgy, I would love to see evolutionary man A.K.A. great, great, great, etc. “uncle Throg” figure without the help of the divine creator. With all this information it is quite obvious that none of this was just one big mistake like a monkey-man or “uncle Throg” accidentally dropping a rock of copper into a fire and discovering that they could make stuff with it, but that it was because of God created us as intelligent people.